Passing the test entirely and tells them that she thinks of the ones she loves, and she lies and says that her parents are those. She tries to reassure herself that she is "Calm" and "Zen". However, she spots an unfamiliar being in the mirror, bending down to see it is her: she has inexplicably turned into a giant red panda. This title has: Educational value Great messages 12 people found this helpful. 4*Town is the boy band that Mei and her friends are obsessed with, and their songs were written by Billie Eilish and Finneas OConnell. Mei's transformations occur in brief explosions or "poofs", of pink smoggy smoke. When Mei pours Coca-Cola from a can in her mouth at a daydream in her presentation of 4Town. Mei is glad that Ming is trusting her more and letting her live her life and be her person, and though they miss the way things were, they are happier and closer than ever. Her outfit consists of a cardigan with a light and dark red lacy-like design at the top, and pink buttons (without the cardigan she wears a light pink polo shirt with two buttons on it). This leaves Mei unable to stand up to or speak up against her mother, due to fearing her disapproval and disappointment. ", 4*Town - Robaire (Jordan Fisher) & Jesse (Finneas O'Connell). She may be fluffy and impossibly cute, but Red Panda Mei represents Mei at her most vulnerable, and messy, true self. But for Mei, her animal form only helped her find herself even more, which created more friction in her home life. Home Partner(s) Lady and the Tramp: Lady Tramp But for a character like Mei, this came much earlier than even her mother expected. Until too much emotional pressure gets onto her and she transforms into a red panda. And yes, they do their own singing. Unfortunately, however, this gift became more of a curse with no enemies to protect the family from. Tomboyish in nature, Miriam is always there for Mei, especially when she gets swept up in her strong feelings or the realization that she turns into a big furry animal. Ming also gets proud of her child when they get straight A's as she calls Mei "My perfect little Mei-Mei". Mulan: Fa Mulan Li Shang Shan Yu Mushu Mei taking photos with other kids to earn money for the concert. Ultimately, Mei's age is more than a narrative device -- it represents all kids' challenges as they grow from preteen to teenager. which Mei writes back "Yep!" "Turning Red" follows Meilin "Mei" Lee, a 13-year-old Chinese-Canadian girl on the brink of adolescence. Now, Mei is shown that ever since she was 13, it has been a lot, with the whole "pandapocolypse", but Mei and Ming call it "growing pains". When Mei Lee doodles the cute boy who works at the corner store, she begins with some fairly standard ideas: his muscled arms, his endearing bucket hat. https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/reviews/turning-red-review-disney-plus-pixar-b2032763.html, Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information. But theres a hitch. One morning she awakened to find she had taken the form of a Red Panda due to an age-old family tradition where the women who came of age could become this panda to protect their family. She has cat-shaped ears, human-like teeth, and she has a red tail striped with white, similar to a raccoon, as well as sharp claws that are mainly hidden. The hottest, coolest boy band of all time, the five guys of 4*Town are behind songs like Nobody Like Uthe single from their latest album thats climbing all the charts. She returns to a human again, and then, she says "yes" in a calmer way. Mei can use these to leap great distances and jump to great heights as she shifts from one form to another. She shows her besties that the ideal men are 4Town, she and her friends are "4Townies" and it's always ride or die for all of them. Mei and her friends are working on some red panda pendants. And Shi, one of Pixar's few feature directors of Asian decent, hopes it signals a shift in the types of . One more step and everything was going to be over. Coco: Miguel Rivera She stares at herself in absolute shock and utter disbelief, trying to convince herself it is all a dream. Meilin's grandmother explains how when her daughter became a panda she had attacked her, This isn't shown, but there is still a scar on her forehead. The Black Cauldron: The Horned King Up: Carl Fredricksen Dug Russell Kevin Seeing Mei's mother in the celestial plane, and realizing that Ming suffered emotional scars from issues and tensions with her mother that she never resolved, Mei finally understood that Ming had suffered far worse than she had, and helped her mother find closure and make amends with her mother. Mei and her friends chill on the roof and talk about how all of them finally get to meet 4Town and get excited till Mei and her friends take notice on the radio that the 4Town tour to Toronto on the 25. Zootopia: Judy Hopps Nick Wilde Clawhauser Finnick Flash Set in early-2000s Toronto, Turning Red follows 13-year-old Mei ( Rosalie Chiang) as she navigates eighth grade, friendship, and her all-consuming boy band obsession. Mei crying while listening to her parents talk at night. ", Abby, who is voiced by Hyein Park, completes Meis friend group. Raya and the Last Dragon: Raya Sisu Namaari Mei watches as her mom, grandmother, and aunts all enter the mirror and diffuse with their red panda spirits. It is shown she doesnt spend that much time with her parents. Ming finally accepts Mei's decision to keep the panda in the Astral Plane. The band members are voiced by Finneas, Jordan Fisher ("To All the Boys: P.S. Inspiration 4*Town Titanic: Rose Jack, Aladdin: Aladdin Genie Jafar Jasmine Rajah Abu Jin, Meis father, is voiced by Orion Lee, who has appeared in 2019's "First Cow" as well as Zack Snyders Justice League (2021) as a Stars Lab Scientist. Kim Possible: Kim Possible Dr. Drakken Shego Ron Stoppable Rufus Duff Killigan Monkey Fist Turning Red is a 2022 American computer-animated fantasy comedy film produced by Pixar Animation Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures.It was directed by Domee Shi (in her feature directorial debut) and produced by Lindsey Collins, from a screenplay written by Shi and Julia Cho, and a story by Shi, Cho, and Sarah Streicher.The film marks the first Pixar feature film . Mei then is called to start the ritual. If you see a way this page can be updated or improved without compromising previous work, please feel free to contribute. I Love You", Josh Levi ("Friday Night Lights"), Grayson Villanueva and Topher Ngo. Mei then challenges Ming by showing her something that is truly crass, Mei then shakes her butt (along with hitting it towards Ming) repeatedly right in front of Ming. Bolt: Bolt She is a Kansas . Meilin Lee She transforms again and then gets caught by Stacy and her group of people, Her friends hide her in the bathroom. She wears green and white shorts. Mei compares 4Town to various musicians such as Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Ludwig van Beethoven when she wears her mother's signature green blazer. Until she breaks into tears, knowing all of this is too much for her, and 4Town's arrival might not help it. They also have similar hair colors at the end of their . She wears thin silver glasses, a teal barrette on the right side of her hair and two magenta barrettes on the left, yellow star earrings (that are stickers), and a black choker. Domee Shi According to WHO, the average height for a 13-year-old girl is 4 feet and 8 inches. Feature films When Mei gets scared, she instinctively raises her arms; this is used by red pandas when scared to make themselves look larger to predators. Soul: 22 The Proud Family: Penny Proud Suga Mama, Toy Story: Woody Buzz Lightyear Alien Jessie Bullseye Bo Peep Forky Rex Duke Caboom Hamm Mrs. Nesbit Zurg Lotso Platinum Woody Bunny Stinky Pete With the film being set in 2002 as confirmed by producer Lindsey Collins. Tyler demands Mei a ride when she isn't in the mood. Ming then notices this, and Mei responds with "My panda, My choice." Thirteen is a crucial age for children because it shows thatthey want nothing more than to honor their family but also find themselves. Source, Mei-MeiVery enterprising, mildly annoying young ladyMajor weirdoOverachieving dork-narkLoyal customerGross red monsterFreakLittle quirkMama's girlPanda girlPerfect little Mei-MeiPrecious little Mei-MeiFurry ticking time bomb of awesomenessMagical bearAnimalWerewolfFluffySweetie. Her hands have dark brown paws with small black claws in them. KEEP READING:Turning Reds Post-Credits Scene Confirms Meis Most Important Parent. The Nightmare Before Christmas: Jack Skellington Sally Zero Oogie Boogie Santa Jack Dr. Finkelstein The Mayor Christmas Sally Man-Eating Wreath Mei is the second Disney female protagonist to wear glasses, the first being Mirabel from, Mei is the fifth female protagonist in a Pixar feature film, succeeding after Merida from, In addition to being Pixar's first female glasses-wearing protagonist, Mei is also the second Asian protagonist for Pixar (Including. Mei Lee is not only the third Pixar protagonist who wears glasses, but the first female Pixar protagonist to wear glasses. She has to not let any of her female family members down. Anastasia: Anastasia Romanov Rasputin As explained by Mei's mother, the reason she has this power is through an ancestor's mystical connection with red pandas. Treasure Planet: Captain Amelia Jim Hawkins John Silver As a human, Mei has fair skin, pink blush, light brown eyes, some small moles on her face and neck-length red hair (formerly black). Carter Murphy-Mayhew (love interest)Priya MangalAbby ParkTyler Nguyen-Baker4*Town. Disney and Pixars all-new original animated feature Turning Red will introduce audiences to Meilin Leea confident, slightly dorky 13-year-old with a solid group of friends, a more-than-admirable record in school, and a better-than-average relationship with her family well, for the most part. To see Mei's journey into young adulthood, Turning Red is now streaming on Disney+. Mei slowly gets mad and turns her hand into that of a red panda, and throws the ball so fast it breaks a window. Jin balances out Mings fierceness with a calmer personality. The Little Mermaid: Ariel Ursula King Triton Turning Red is an unconventional coming-of-age tale from Pixar, and as such it's attracting some unconventional criticisms. She may be fluffy and impossibly cute, but Red Panda Mei represents Mei at her most vulnerable, and messy, true self. Video games Trivia. Fantasia: Sorcerer's Apprentice Mickey Yen Sid Chernabog Hocus Pocus: Winifred Sanderson Mary Sanderson Sarah Sanderson Binx Billy Butcherson Young Winifred The Book Pets Sun Yee then forms a mirror for her to go through. For the character from Mira, Royal Detective, see Priya. Inside Out: Joy Sadness Anger Disgust Fear Bing Bong Rainbow Unicorn Sapphire Joy Mei and her family take all the stuff out of her room leaving only her bedsheets, Winifred, pillow, and blanket. Appearance As a human, Mei is a young fair-skinned 13-year-old teenage girl with short, straight black (later red) hair and bright hazelnut eyes. She usually wears a pink top, a pink jacket around her waist (which reveals an "Ugly Christmas" sweater), and a pleated denim skirt. She is very ashamed of and angry towards her new ability for causing huge disruptions in her life. Cinderella: Fairy Godmother Cinderella Hercules: Hercules Meg Pegasus Hades Phil Zeus Baby Pegasus The mirror disappears, and Sun Yee flies Mei to the moon, and then sends her back to the mortal world. Mei gets up to Tyler's face, shouting at him he has nothing to do with this. She will transform into her red panda self when she feels intense emotion (which often happens). Mei's pajamas consist of a white t-shirt that has a red maple leaf in the middle (the canadian flag) with red lines on the collar and end of the sleeves and pink gym shorts. Before Mei's power activates, she was carefree, reckless, and she did not care what people thought of her. Mei then notices that Abby wants her to be a red panda, Abby brings the hug in on Mei as she fantasizes about a merman version of Robaire. But how old is the film's main character when she starts becoming a massive Red Panda? Priya Mangal is a main character in DisneyPixar's 2022 animated feature film, Turning Red. Miriam is another one of Meis best friends. She has large, white, pointed ears that are red from behind. Mei is an unabashed dork who loves Canada; her grade-eight crew of Miriam (Ava Morse), Priya (Maitreyi Ramakrishnan), and Abby (Hyein Park); the boy band 4*Town; and her parents Ming (Sandra Oh . Not only that, but she was also supposed to have a freckled cousin named Leo who could also transform into one. She focuses on the voices and then her spirit goes out of her body and into the heavens, straight to the astral realm. Mulan: Mulan Mushu Cri-Kee Ping Shan Yu Li Shang The Emperor Reflection Mulan Cars: Lightning McQueen Cruz Ramirez Jackson Storm Mater Miss Fritter Even spotting Devon at one point. Miriam then challenges Mei to some test which she has to sing with her friends, She is then rewarded a disc. There is a ritual that seals the red panda spirit into a jewelry piece, but Ming tells her that the more Mei transforms the harder it is for the ritual to be done. Devon (former crush)Carter Murphy-Mayhew (crush)Robaire (super main crush) Sun Yee's daughters were also revealed to move to a new world. Mei almost loses it, but then visualizes the cats as her friends, and keeps calm. After Mei's powers emerge and she comes under stress in trying to keep them under control, her friends help her find the peace and calm she needs to do so, and she realizes that by thinking of and focusing on her friends she can keep her powers under control. So naturally, MeilinMei to her friendshas every reason to expect smooth sailing throughout the rest of her middle-school career. They all put their hands together and trill. The Rocketeer: Cliff Secord Turning Red was directed by Domee Shi. Brave: Merida Young Merida Queen Elinor Once Meis red panda powers activate (her ancestors were close with the species in the past), Mings helicopter mom personality goes into even more overdrive. But when Mei transitions into teenage life, Ming clenches even tighter for control of her daughter, who she senses is changing and potentially slipping away. Watch the official clip compilation for Turning Red! Monsters, Inc.: James P. Sullivan Boo Mike Wazowski Randall Boggs Mei gets so mad that her powers show up again. This specificity of Mei's story is one of "Turning Red's" greatest strengths. Priya is meticulous yet artsy, passionate yet stoic. Mei in shock when she sees her panda for the first time. Full name Wreck-It Ralph: Wreck-It Ralph Vanellope von Schweetz Fix-It Felix Jr. Sergeant Calhoun Shank She guides tourists to teach them facts about the temple and the legend of Sun Yee. But in reality, Mei was unwittingly undergoing a change in her life where she found she still wanted to be a perfect daughter and wanted to live a life of her own. Like the Red-Moon ritual in the film. Coming to her final decision, Mei rejects getting healed altogether and fuses into her red panda spirit, coming back as a red panda. Mei then tells Ming that she is never perfect, and tells her that she is sorry that she will never be like her. She attempts to attack the tapestry as Ming and Jin hold her back and tell her that there is a cure for her. Turning Red Ending: Ming VS Mei | 1080p#turningred #nobodylikeyou #disneyturningred #shorts #TurningRed #FunnyEdits #edited #FireEditz #MeiLing #turningred. Turning Red Wiki is a FANDOM Movies Community. Mei gets very scared of this and begs her not to follow her, Then her aunts come in along with Ming's grandmother; Wu. Carter Murphy-Mayhew is a minor character who was featured in the 2022 Disney / Pixar animated feature film, Turning Red. However, Mei points out a flaw, repeating a saying that reads, If you respect your parents too much, you'll forget to respect yourself. However, Mei flaunts that she doesn't need to worry about that, going on to fully introduce herself as she walks down a sidewalk in Toronto. This connection allows Mei to transform into a ten-foot-tall anthropomorphic one, gaining a variety of powers in the process. The film about a 13-year-old girl growing up in Toronto, Canada, is the first Pixar film to center on a female character . Mei Lee is the third female Disney protagonist with her red hair appearance after, Mei is the fifth female protagonist in a Pixar feature film after Merida from, This also makes Mei the third female protagonist in an original Pixar feature film, as both. Mei explains however since she turned thirteen, she's been doing her own thing, wearing what she wants and saying what she wants twenty-four seven, three sixty-five. As she gets on the bus, Mei explains that she's an adult now, at least, according to the Toronto express, while showing her bus pass to the bus driver, who congratulates her uncomfortably. As a red panda, Mei has a much larger physique. When hiding the change in Mei's hair color, she is seen wearing a red tuque with light red stripes with maple leaves in between them. She then skydives into the crowd to get to Miriam, Priya, and Abby. Mei has been compared by many (including Domee Shi and, The fact that Mei's hair is black at the beginning of the film, but turns red after her Red Panda curse is similar to Susan Murphy the protagonist of DreamWorks Animation's 2009 film, Another similarity is Zenitsu Agatsuma from the, A third similarity is Freddy Lupin from the, Mei is also the third female Disney character to wear glasses that is from a different country/city, the second being. Onward: Ian Lightfoot Corey the Manticore Barley Lightfoot With the film being set in early 2002 (specifically between April and May), and is established Mei is 13 years old, this would mean that she was born around 1989. 4Town (Robaire in particular), math, her red panda form, ice cream, brownies, karaoke/pop music, pizza, her friends, school, cute animals, beanies, Devon (formerly), badminton, congee, loud music, gyrating, dumplings, making people laugh, cleaning, parties, Carter Murphy-Mayhew, her stuffed animal Wilfred, watching TV, drawing, sticking out, her flute case, her family The band members are voiced by Finneas, Jordan Fisher ("To All the Boys: P.S. She is the third Pixar protagonist who wears glasses after, She is also the second female Disney protagonist to wear glasses, after, Mei Lee is similar to Son Goku and many other people of the Saiyan race from the franchise. She then gets dressed in her ritual outfit and gets a horrible flashback of her red panda form harming Tyler. Grandma Wu (maternal grandmother)Chen and Ping (maternal grandaunts)Helen and Lily (maternal first cousins once removed)Vivian (maternal second cousin)Sun Yee (ancestress) Mei Lee is the 6th Pixar protagonist to have powers. Mei tells Ming that she is not separating from her spirit, and Ming tells her that she will go by with her on that decision all the way through. She then takes to brushes to further calm herself down, which reverses her transformation, but gets a little too ecstatic and then transforms into a red panda again. But that said notebook was peeking out of the sheets. Then the concert begins, Mei gets very immersed in the concert and climbs up some people to touch Robaire's hand, until Ming as a giant red panda (but drastically bigger than Mei) crashes the party. But the realities of adulthood hit harder than she thought when she realized the truth of what growing up is. With Mr. Gao telling her to let the harmonizing voices guide her to the astral realm. Pixar's "Turning Red" is a coming-of-age film centered on Meilin Lee, a Chinese-Canadian 13-year-old who "poofs" into a giant red panda any time her emotions run high, a metaphor for . She also has a turquoise hairclip and sliver framed oval-shaped glasses. Their concerts are truly epic, featuring high-flying theatrics, lights, pyrotechnics, and of course the boys dreamy good looks. She also has an upward and well-formed back with a narrow pelvis, and she also has visible claws hidden under her paw sheaths. Bambi: Bambi Thumper Pretty Flower April Shower Bambi Floral Ms. Bunny In his spare time, he could be found working on his bookstagram, collecting figures, reading comics or watching movies with his girlfriend. And soon she. Mei is a quirky, confident, and naive 13-year-old teenage girl who has a fantastic ability to transform into a red panda, with which her family has a deep connection. Shes spunky, confident, nerdy, passionate, weird, and a little bit snooty, says director Domee Shi of her main character. Mei keeps trying to get Ming to leave as her mother tries to give her 'the talk', then begins panicking again as Ming pulls back the shower curtains to see her. Status ", then unintentionally asking her Is this bothering you?. Meilin "Mei" Lee (born c. 1989) is the protagonist of Disney-Pixar's 2022 animated feature film, Turning Red. When I was her age, I was Mei.. Mei can turn into her red panda form not only when excited, but also situations that heightens her adrenaline (Also, Mei can switch to her red panda form just as easily as she can change to her human form). Then Jin walks in and tells her that some moments of her being a red panda made him laugh (after seeing a video of her with her friends on a video camera). But it doesn't take too long for Mei to take notice that Miriam was keeping check of Robaire Jr. and then gets together with her friends. Pixar's Turning Red tells the story of Mei Lee, a teenage girl from a family where all women turn into red pandas whenever they feel intense emotions. Ian James Corlett, Goku's first voice actor himself, was in the film doing additional roles. Ming tearfully apologizes to Wu, and Wu hugs her telling her she has nothing to apologize about. The size of the explosion seems to be related to the intensity of her emotions. Directed by Domee Shi and starring Rosalie Chiang and Sandra Oh, Turning Red tells the story of Meilin "Mei" Lee, a 13-year-old girl in Toronto who loves listening to boy bands, hanging with. Journey Into Imagination: Figment Sketch Figment Mei expects Stacy to not be so fond of it. Mei's nickname "Mei-Mei" is possibly inspired by Mei Mei, the female Giant panda who is a resident of Panda Village and a passionate ribbon dancer, from DreamWorks' Animation 2016 film. Mei firmly tells her family that she has decided to keep the panda. Later in the day, Ming takes Mei to school, she is now wearing a beanie to hide the change. well, for the most part. She has the ability to transform into a giant red panda whenever she feels a strong emotion. She wears an indigo or denim-colored box pleated skirt with mauve ankle-length leggings, pink socks, and gray and pink sneakers. Parents Soon, Ming comes and asks if everything is okay; panicking, Mei demands she not come in, her tail knocking over pictures in the bathroom. Were basically using the red panda as an adorable metaphor for the very unadorable phenomenon of puberty, Shi says. Cinderella: Cinderella Fairy Godmother Gus Prince Charming Jaq Lucifer Anastasia Drizella Lady Tremaine Wedding Cinderella Pink Dress Cinderella Holiday Cinderella With her flute case handle in her mouth, she yells out for the besties to assemble, naming all of her best friends; Miriam, Priya, and Abby. Disney and Pixars all-new original animated feature. She sees Mei as the perfect daughter, and when we meet Mei, she's doing everything in her power to ensure she lives up to. cause you Acute!" Mei is the 2nd Asian lead-character in a Pixar film, after, Mei is the 7th Pacific lead-character in a Disney animated film, after. That includes her protective, if not slightly overbearing mother, Ming. Mei then notices Priya and Abby like her red panda form a lot. Meis mother Ming grows suspicious of Miriam because she thinks Miriam is a bad influence for Mei. Active She then endures the temptation and turns into a red panda. Incredible Elastigirl Dash Parr Violet Parr Jack-Jack Parr Frozone Syndrome The Underminer Voyd She goes into the school to meet with her friends, but she is acting oddly monotonous. Priya, a young Indian-Canadian girl, is one of Meis best friends. Many of these artists have also reflected on how the art . Mei receives a warning from her grandmother of the dangers of the panda. Tyler says that she needs to become a panda and calls this whole party a sellout. The Lion King: Scar Rafiki Timon Pumbaa Simba Nala Up: Dug Russel Carl Kevin Alpha Headphones Dug She tells her that she was always wanted to be the perfect daughter. Her friends ask her if she wants to go out to karaoke, but Mei denies the offer to go and work at the temple with the one she looks very highly upon; Ming. Did you find what you were looking for? Wu tells Mei to keep Ming busy, which Mei accepts. A 13-year-old girl named Meilin turns into a giant red panda whenever she gets too excited. Then the whole crowd joins in and Mei and her aunts and grandmother all ascend into the astral realm altogether. Mei is a middle-school force of nature. Being watched by her mother, uncontrollably transforming, being bullied, deforestation, Tyler (formerly), people judging her drawings, hurting others, being embarrassed, being punished, her red panda form (formerly) Ming retorts by saying she always puts her family first. The Lion King: Simba Timon Pumbaa Rafiki Scar Spirit Mufasa Nala Shenzi Baby Simba Zazu Adult Simba Platinum Simba Mufasa She then sees 3 guys and makes the flirt "Are you a triangle? Then they notice that Tyler is also a 4Townie himself, and get very excited. They then get ready for their next tour guiding, selling merch alongside to raise money, along with a record fundraiser to rebuild the SkyDome. Mirabel is two years older than Mei, and Mei has a power while Mirabel doesn't. During Mei's slumber, She has a vivid nightmare with lots of red imagery, that ends with the 2 red pandas in the tapestry leaping out and pouncing onto Mei, the shock waking her up. Mei hugging her friends and realizes that they help control the panda. The opposite of shy, Abby is not afraid to be heard. Manage all your favorite fandoms in one place! Ming is a compilation of all of the very strong and awesome Asian women in my life, says Shi. Turning Red: Meilin Lee Red Panda Mei Abby Park Red Panda Ming Lee Unfortunately for Mei, Ming disproves 4Town so Mei must hide it from her to not disappoint her mother. Then she hides her friends when Ming comes and tells her that she is ready for the trigger test. Lilo & Stitch: Stitch Lilo Jumba Scrump Angel Shaved Ice Stitch Rainbow Stitch This calms her into her human form, Her friends are impressed by the new red color she has on her hair. Now, we used Mei's estimated height to determine Priya and Miriam's heights. Mei then makes it to her school, busting in through the doors. Tangled: Rapunzel Flynn Rider Maximus Mother Gothel This magical gift - or curse - puts Mei on the path to changing her problematic relationship with her overprotective mother, Ming. Mei freaks out when her mother discovers her drawings. At home, Mei is a dutiful and driven keeper of the ancestral family temple, working contentedly alongside her mother, Ming. Mei takes her hand and walks with her as Ming grows up to her current age. As a result, Mei is very anxious around her mother, especially when she is hiding her interests from Ming (such as her crush on an older boy and her being a fan of the boy band 4Town), and she's dismayed by how her mother doesn't approve of Mei's friends, especially Miriam.